Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis: Methods for Identification and Limit Tests
1/13/2006
Provides complete, referenced information in an easy-to-use format Discusses the purpose of the tests, the chemistry involved, and how to avoid pitfalls Contains approximately 200 illustrations, 146 equations, and 6 tables that shed light on the concepts covered in the text Includes a list of references to be used as the starting point of further investigations Explores the analytical principles behind standard tests in the European Pharmacopoeia
Complete, referenced information in an easy-to-use format
Many of the monographs in theEuropean Pharmacopiea, the industry standard test for certain groups of ingredients and excipients, do not describe the tests in full, but reference general methods based on test-tube chemistry. When a test fails, you need to know what went wrong, how it can be fixed, and how to convince QA\QC that the tested material is okay. This gives you little time to dig out the relevant scientific literature, literature that is often so old it doesn抰 show up in an electronic search.
Making this knowledge easily accessible and directly applicable to work in the lab,Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis: Methods for Limit Tests and Identificationsexplains the purpose of these older tests, the chemistry involved, and hazards to avoid. The book covers the identification of ions and functional groups tests and limit tests respectively. It covers subjects relevant to all the pharmacopoeial identification/limit test and then goes on to describe the individual tests in chapters organized and named as they appear in theEuropean Pharmacopoeia. Each chapter begins with a short discussion on the purpose and rationale of the tests, followed by a review of the physical and chemical characters of the target ion or compound. The author describes the chemical background and logic of the individual procedural steps of the test with formulas and reaction and provides tips on the strengths and weaknesses of these techniques in terms of specificity, ruggedness, and potential procedural pitfalls.
Strict regulatory requirements and economic pressures make the pharmaceutical industry understandably reluctant to replace a test that is simple, cheap, and performs well with expensive, unvalidated instrumental techniques. This resource bridges the gap by providing an in-depth understanding of the principles behind theEuropean Pharmacopoeiatests and how to use them, saving you valuable production time.
Table of Contents
Preface
Identifications
Precipitations in Identifications?
Color reactions in identifications
Tests
Acetates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Acetyl (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Alkaloids (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Aluminium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Amines, primary aromatic (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Ammonium salts (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Ammonium salts and salts of volatile bases (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Antimony (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Arsenic (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Barbiturates, non杗itrogen substituted (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Benzoates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Bismuth (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Bromides (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Calcium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Carbonates and bicarbonates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Chlorides (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Citrates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Esters (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Iodides (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Iron (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Lactates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Lead (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Magnesium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Mercury (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Nitrates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Phosphates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Potassium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Salicylates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Silicates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Silver (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Sodium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Sulphates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Tartrates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Xanthines (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Zinc (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.3.1)
Limit tests
Precipitations in limit tests
Color reactions in limit tests
Tests
Ammonium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.1)
Arsenic (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.2)
Calcium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.3)
Chlorides (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.4)
Fluorides (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.5)
Magnesium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.6)
Magnesium and alkaline-earth metals (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.7)
Heavy metals (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.8)
Iron (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.9)
Phosphates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.11)
Potassium (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.12)
Sulphates (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.13)
Sulphated ash (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.14)
Total ash (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.16)
Free formaldehyde (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.18)
Alkaline impurities in fatty oils (EuropeanPharmacopoeia2.4.19)
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