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District Heating and Cooling in the United States: Prospects and Issues

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District Heating and Cooling in the United States: Prospects and Issues

District Heating and Cooling in the United States: Prospects and Issues
By Committee on District Heating and Cooling, National Research Council

Table of Contents


Executive Summary 1
1. Introduction 7
How District Heating and Cooling Systems Work 10
Attributes of District Heating and Cooling Systems 22
2. History and Background 25
History of District Heating 25
The Recent Revival 28
The Current Extent of District Heating and Cooling in the United States 31
The European Experience 31
3. The Market for District Heating and Cooling 39
The Argonne Model 39
Prospects and Uses 41
District Heating and Cooling Markets 51
4. Impediments 57
Data and Information 58
Taxes and Fees 59
Regulation 61
Costs 67
Financing 69
5. Leadership, Strategy, and Institutional Arrangements 76
Leadership and Strategy 76
Coordinated Policy Action 78
6. Technology and Product Development 81
Research Directions 81
Research Dissemination 83
CONTENTS ix
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright %26copy; National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
District Heating and Cooling in the United States: Prospects and Issues
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/263.html
7. Conclusions and Recommendations 85
District Heating and Cooling Systems 85
Regulation 86
Taxes 87
Data and Information 89
The Federal Role 90
Financing 91
Technology and Product Development 92
Appendix A: Case Studies 95
St. Paul, Minnesota 96
Willmar, Minnesota 106
Piqua, Ohio 107
Trenton, New Jersey 108
Jamestown, New York 110
Baltimore, Maryland 115
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 120
Fairbanks, Alaska 121
Los Angeles, California 122
Appendix B: Systems in the Washington, D. C., and Baltimore Metropolitan Areas 125
Military 125
Colleges and Universities 126
Residential 126
Governmental 128
Medical 129
Institutional 129
Appendix C: District Heating in Europe 130
Factors Influencing District Heating in Europe 130
Government Planning 134
Appendix D: Technical Assessment, City of Baltimore District Heating Project 141
Methodology 141
Thermal Demand Assessment 142
Thermal Supply 144
Thermal Transmission and Distribution System 144
Economic Analysis 145
Summary 146
References 151
Glossary of Acronyms 155
CONTENTS x
About

Publisher: National Academies Press
Number Of Pages: 168
Publication Date: 1985-01-01
ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0309035376
ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780309035378
Binding: Paperback

Summary: district cooling
Rating: 5

All about district cooling


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